On August 11,2022,the“2022(First)Rural Energy Development Conference and Clean Energy Equipment Exhibition”(referred to as the“Conference”)jointly organized by the Department of New Energy and Renewable Energy of the National Energy Administration,the Department of Science and Technology Education of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,and the Development Guidance Department of the National Rural Revitalization Administration,co-sponsored by the China Energy Research Association and State Grid Co.,Ltd.,and jointly hosted by the Urban and Rural Electric Power(Agricultural Electricity)Development Center of the China Energy Research Association,the Rural Energy Special Committee of the China Energy Research Association and Guoneng United Media Group was held in Beijing.The heads of the government,scientific research,enterprises and other institutions,as well as invited experts and scholars,held exchanges and discussions on the theme of“Implementing the dual-carbon strategy,serving rural revitalization,and green energy development”.Leaders,experts and representatives from national government departments,central enterprise groups,scientific research institutes,etc.,as well as industrial enterprises,community organizations,financial institutions,media organizations,etc.participated in the conference.In order to comply with the requirements of the prevention and control of the new crown epidemic,the conference was held simultaneously offline and online.More than 120,000 online participants from rural energy workers and related institutions were online at the same time,and the total cumulative broadcast exceeded 1 million people.

At the Academician Expert Forum after the opening ceremony of the Conference,Han Buxing,an academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences,gave a keynote speech on“Biomass conversion and Utilization”.Academician Han shared in detail the technologies and methods of rural biomass conversion and utilization,and introduced the importance of rural biomass energy in China's“carbon peak”and“carbon neutrality”tasks,as well as the clean development of rural energy,and proposed to vigorously promote biomass conversion and utilization.

Academician Han said that our country is now the country with the largest carbon emissions.The dual-carbon target reflects the responsibility of our country as a large country,and it is also our country's own needs for green sustainable development.It involves a series of important issues such as the energy revolution,the adjustment of the energy structure,the greater progress of science and technology,the adjustment of the industrial structure,and the change of production and lifestyle.From the perspective of resources and energy,carbon energy is very important.However,in the foreseeable future,the dominant position of fossil energy is still unshakable.Therefore,while vigorously developing clean and renewable energy sources,we must pay full attention to the efficient use of energy.

Carbon resources are indispensable for mankind.Human civilization depends on carbon.However,in the process of using carbon,there are still some problems,especially the ecological environment caused by excessive carbon emissions.In this case,we put forward and published the ideas and articles of“Green carbon Science”,which described in detail the importance of carbon resources and how to achieve carbon neutrality from the perspective of carbon resources.Fossil resources are non-renewable and increasingly depleted.There is a problem of environmental pollution,but the global amount of renewable carbon resources is very large.Roughly speaking,about 200 billion tons a year are not well utilized.Therefore,how to efficiently use valuable fossil resources while vigorously developing biomass utilization technology is very important.

Biomass is converted from carbon dioxide and water use and solar energy.Now the two major themes of human transformation are green and sustainable development,and the second is carbon peaking and carbon neutrality.The utilization of biomass is closely related to major strategies.Biomass has a large amount of energy and can be converted into important chemicals,can be an important fuel energy source,and can also be used as a material.Therefore,the all-round and efficient use of biomass resources,especially the by-products of straw forestry,is very important for rural revitalization.

In addition to straw forestry products,biomass also has starch,microorganisms,protein,organic waste,etc.,but the most important thing is woody biomass.There are about 800 million to 900 million tons of straw in our country every year,and it has not been used effectively and in a high-quality manner.Now it has been seen at home and abroad that the conversion and utilization of biomass is one of the very important ways to achieve sustainable development.And my country began to make high-quality use,in fact,it has been increasing since about 1990 and constantly developing new technologies,which can be said to be more important for our rural areas.At present,many ways have been developed for biomass conversion and utilization,and there are two types of methods.

The first is the thermochemical method,which turns all biomass into carbon monoxide and hydrogen,and can use chemical methods to synthesize chemicals and high-quality fuels,such as gasoline and diesel.In addition,it can be further made into materials,first turning them into syngas and then into bio-oils,and further processing to obtain the chemicals we need.

The second is the hydrolysis method.Biomass is divided into cellulose,hemicellulose,and lignin.They can be separated,divided into three categories,and then converted separately to further obtain the chemicals,fuels,etc.we need.Each has its own advantages and disadvantages.

In rural and urban areas,in addition to biomass,the utilization of organic waste such as waste plastics is also very important.Now the global underground and above-ground total is about 6 billion tons,which produces about 300 million tons per year.There are about 1 billion tons of plastics on the ground in our country,and about 60 million tons are produced every year,which has caused serious environmental problems.At the same time,it is also a very important carbon resource.In addition,organic waste and organic pollutants are also valuable resources,and their efficient conversion and utilization is very important.To achieve high-quality development and achieve the goal of“double carbon”in our country,it depends on major advances in science and technology.The efficient utilization of biomass and organic waste resources is one of them.On the one hand,sustainable development can be achieved,and on the other hand,the use of them is a carbon neutral process.